ADAPTIVE COORDINATED CONTROL OF FLYWHEEL AND BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE FOR IMPROVED FREQUENCY REGULATION IN ISOLATED DIESEL MICROGRIDS

Abstract

Diesel generator-based microgrids are widely used in remote and isolated locations where renewable energy integration and reliable power supply are essential. However, sudden load variations and intermittent renewable energy sources cause significant frequency deviations, reducing system stability and power quality. Conventional battery energy storage systems (BESS) provide frequency support but suffer from slow dynamic response and accelerated battery degradation under frequent charge-discharge cycles. Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS), on the other hand, offer rapid response and high power density but are limited by lower energy storage capacity. This project proposes a coordinated control strategy that combines the strengths of both FESS and BESS for effective frequency regulation in a diesel generatorbased microgrid. The flywheel system compensates for fast transient power fluctuations, while the battery system manages long-duration energy balancing. An intelligent power management controller coordinates power sharing between the storage devices and the diesel generator, ensuring stable frequency, reduced generator stress, and improved battery lifespan. MATLAB/Simulink is used to model and validate the proposed system under different load disturbance scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate improved frequency stability, reduced frequency deviations, faster recovery time, enhanced power quality, and efficient utilization of energy storage resources compared to conventional single-storage systems.