OPTIMAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT OF BATTERY STORAGE SYSTEMS IN RENEWABLE-ENERGY-BASED MICROGRIDS

Abstract

The increasing penetration of solar photovoltaic and wind generation in microgrids creates significant operational challenges because renewable generation is variable, uncertain, and dependent on environmental conditions. Battery energy storage systems can address these challenges by absorbing surplus renewable energy, supplying power during generation deficits, reducing peak demand, and improving the economic and operational performance of microgrids. This study develops an optimal energy management framework for a renewable-energy-based microgrid containing photovoltaic generation, wind generation, battery storage, local loads, and grid interaction. The proposed strategy coordinates battery charging and discharging according to renewable availability, load demand, electricity price, battery state of charge, and operating constraints. A day-ahead optimization framework is used to minimize operating cost while maintaining energy balance and protecting the battery from excessive cycling. Representative simulation results indicate that the optimized strategy can reduce daily operating cost by approximately 24.6%, increase renewable-energy utilization to 91.8%, and reduce grid energy dependence compared with uncontrolled battery operation. The study demonstrates that coordinated battery scheduling can improve economic efficiency, renewable-energy utilization, and microgrid reliability