SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A G+6 REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING ACROSS DIFFERENT SEISMIC ZONES USING STAAD.PRO

Abstract

Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural hazards, causing severe structural damage, economic losses, and loss of human life. The seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings depends significantly on the seismic zone, structural configuration, material properties, and design methodology. With rapid urbanization and the increasing construction of multi-storey buildings in earthquake-prone regions of India, it has become essential to design structures capable of withstanding seismic forces while ensuring safety, stability, and serviceability. This project presents the Seismic Analysis and Design of a G+6 Reinforced Concrete Building in Different Seismic Zones of India Using STAAD.Pro. The proposed study investigates the structural behaviour of a G+6 RC building subjected to earthquake loading in Seismic Zones II, III, IV, and V as specified in IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 and IS 456:2000. The building model is developed in STAAD.Pro, where dead load, live load, and seismic load combinations are applied according to Indian Standard codes. Structural parameters including storey displacement, storey drift, base shear, bending moment, shear force, axial force, support reactions, and member deflections are evaluated for each seismic zone. A comparative analysis is performed to determine the influence of increasing seismic intensity on the overall structural response and member design. The obtained results indicate that storey displacement, drift, base shear, and internal forces increase significantly from Zone II to Zone V, requiring stronger structural members and improved reinforcement detailing for higher seismic zones. The study demonstrates that STAAD.Pro provides accurate structural analysis and efficient design optimization for earthquakeresistant buildings. The proposed framework assists structural engineers in designing safe, economical, and code-compliant multi-storey buildings capable of resisting seismic loads, thereby improving structural reliability, occupant safety, and the sustainable development of modern infrastructure in earthquake-prone regions. Keywords: Seismic Analysis, Earthquake Engineering, Reinforced Concrete Building, G+6 Building, STAAD.Pro, Structural Analysis, Seismic Zones, IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016, IS 456:2000, Storey Drift, Base Shear, EarthquakeResistant Design