Dynamic Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles in Smart Transportation Systems

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates the development of advanced, convenient, and sustainable charging infrastructure. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Dynamic Wireless Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles, integrating inductive power transfer (IPT), solar energy harvesting, IoTbased real-time monitoring, and ESP32 microcontroller-based intelligent control. The system eliminates physical cable dependency by embedding a primary power transfer coil in the ground and mounting a secondary coil on the EV chassis. Solar panels supply the primary energy source, with a 12V DC battery serving as a buffer. A DC-AC inverter generates high-frequency AC to energize the primary coil, inducing voltage in the secondary coil, which is rectified to charge the EV battery. An ESP32 microcontroller continuously monitors battery voltage, displays parameters on an LCD, and uploads data to an IoT cloud platform via Wi-Fi for remote supervision. Results demonstrate successful wireless power transfer with real-time IoT monitoring, offering an efficient, ecofriendly, and intelligent EV charging solution aligned with smart transportation requirements.