IoT-Enabled Global Freight Intelligence System

Abstract

Global freight and supply-chain systems are essential for modern transportation and economic activities, but they continue to face major challenges such as cargo spoilage, theft, and lack of real-time monitoring during transportation. A significant amount of food, medicines, and other sensitive products are damaged due to improper environmental conditions and delayed monitoring. Existing freight management systems mainly depend on GPS-based vehicle tracking, which only provides location information and does not monitor cargo safety, environmental parameters, or unauthorized access in real time. To overcome these limitations, this project proposes an IoT-Enabled Global Freight Intelligence System using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with GPS, DHT11, ultrasonic, and RFID sensors. The system continuously monitors cargo location, temperature, humidity, obstacle proximity, and access status during transportation. Sensor data is transmitted wirelessly to cloud platforms such as ThingSpeak or Arduino Cloud for real-time visualization and remote monitoring. The proposed system enables early detection of unsafe conditions, unauthorized access, and possible cargo damage, thereby improving transportation safety and operational efficiency. Future enhancement includes the development of a dedicated Android application and web dashboard for live map tracking, instant notifications, and improved user interaction. The proposed framework offers a low-cost, scalable, and intelligent solution for modern logistics, cold-chain transportation, and secure supply-chain management applications.