IoT-Based Intelligent Fish Farming System with Real-Time Monitoring, Automated Feeding, and Smart Alert Mechanism

Abstract

The Innovative Fish Farming Monitoring System is an IoT-enabled smart aquaculture solution designed to continuously monitor and regulate critical water quality and environmental parameters in fish ponds or tanks. The system leverages an ESP-32 microcontroller integrated with multiple sensors — including the Ultrasonic sensor for water level detection, DHT11 for temperature and humidity measurement, RTC module for real-time clock management, SPO2 sensor for dissolved oxygen monitoring, and a pH sensor for acidity/alkalinity regulation — to provide real-time data acquisition and automated responses. Output peripherals include an LCD display for on-site parameter visualization, a buzzer for immediate alert notifications, and an IoT cloud module for remote monitoring and data logging via the internet. The entire system is powered by a Regulated Power Supply (RPS) ensuring consistent operation. The proposed system addresses the key challenges faced by traditional fish farming practices such as manual water quality testing, inadequate monitoring, and delayed responses to hazardous environmental changes. By integrating hardware components with a software layer running on the ESP-32, this system offers precision aquaculture that can reduce fish mortality rates, optimize growth conditions, and enhance the overall productivity and sustainability of fish farming operations. The system finds applicability in small-scale home aquariums, medium fish ponds, and large-scale commercial aquaculture farms.